See abyen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "aby"
},
"expansion": "English: aby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: aby"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābyċġan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābyċġan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*uʀbuggjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀbuggjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uzbugjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uzbugjaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "a",
"3": "bien"
},
"expansion": "a- + bien",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ābyċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀbuggjan, from Proto-Germanic *uzbugjaną, equivalent to a- + bien.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "abyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to abyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abyest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghtest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abyeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abyeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abyynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abyende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "aboght",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "abyen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aby",
"2": "aboght",
"c": "irr",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To buy; to obtain in exchange (for something)."
],
"id": "en-abyen-enm-verb-IG4w~A5O",
"links": [
[
"buy",
"buy"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The notaries and you annoy the people / You shall pay the penalty for it both, by God that made me!",
"ref": "c. 1370–1390, [William Langland], “Passus secundus de visione”, in The Vision of Pierce Plowman [...], London: […] Roberte Crowley, […], published 1550, →OCLC, folio x, recto:",
"text": "The Notaries and ye noye the people / Ye ſhall abye it both by god that made me made",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pay a fine or penalty."
],
"id": "en-abyen-enm-verb-Gq8GguoJ",
"links": [
[
"pay",
"pay"
],
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"penalty",
"penalty"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 6 49 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 6 53 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 56 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make amends for sin."
],
"id": "en-abyen-enm-verb-E6mw8u5v",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"sin",
"sin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 6 49 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 13 29 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms prefixed with a-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To suffer (especially in place of another)."
],
"id": "en-abyen-enm-verb-asJYwGoR",
"links": [
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aˈbiːən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "abuggen"
}
],
"word": "abyen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English irregular weak verbs",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms prefixed with a-",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "aby"
},
"expansion": "English: aby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: aby"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābyċġan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābyċġan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*uʀbuggjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *uʀbuggjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*uzbugjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uzbugjaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "a",
"3": "bien"
},
"expansion": "a- + bien",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ābyċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀbuggjan, from Proto-Germanic *uzbugjaną, equivalent to a- + bien.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "abyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to abyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abyest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghtest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abyeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aboghte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abyeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abyynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abyende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "aboght",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "abyen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aby",
"2": "aboght",
"c": "irr",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To buy; to obtain in exchange (for something)."
],
"links": [
[
"buy",
"buy"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The notaries and you annoy the people / You shall pay the penalty for it both, by God that made me!",
"ref": "c. 1370–1390, [William Langland], “Passus secundus de visione”, in The Vision of Pierce Plowman [...], London: […] Roberte Crowley, […], published 1550, →OCLC, folio x, recto:",
"text": "The Notaries and ye noye the people / Ye ſhall abye it both by god that made me made",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pay a fine or penalty."
],
"links": [
[
"pay",
"pay"
],
[
"fine",
"fine"
],
[
"penalty",
"penalty"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To make amends for sin."
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"sin",
"sin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To suffer (especially in place of another)."
],
"links": [
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aˈbiːən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abuggen"
}
],
"word": "abyen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abyen meaning in Middle English (4.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.